Design (52)

Sustainable-Building Heritage: The Impact of Builders of the Pacific Coast on Modern Architecture

In an era when mass-produced housing and cookie-cutter developments dominate landscapes, Lloyd Kahn’s Builders of the Pacific Coast stands as a profound reminder of the rich architectural heritage that continues to influence sustainable building practices today. This documentation of coastal builders from San Francisco to Vancouver Island isn’t just a historical record—it also serves as a blueprint for contemporary cultural preservation and sustainable living.

Cultural Heritage

The book’s relevance to today’s cultural-heritage conversation is shown in several ways. For example, it captures the intimate connection between Indigenous building practices and environmental stewardship. The detailed accounts of First Nations architecture, particularly the Kwakiutl (Kwakwaka’wakw) people’s sophisticated use of cedar and their sustainable building techniques, provide valuable lessons for modern architects grappling with climate change and environmental degradation. These traditional methods demonstrate how cultural heritage and ecological responsibility can seamlessly intertwine.

Picture of building of painted bear motif with ears

The significance of the book lies in its documentation of a countercultural building movement that has become increasingly relevant in the current housing crisis. The builders featured in Lloyd’s work championed small, efficient living spaces long before the tiny-house movement gained mainstream attention. Their innovative approaches to using local and recycled materials, minimizing environmental impact, and creating harmony between structure and landscape mirror the principles that today’s sustainable-architecture movement embraces.

Past Inspiration

One can see the book’s influence on contemporary builders through a fascinating chain of inspiration. As Lloyd discovered during his journey, many of the builders he encountered were inspired by his earlier work Shelter (1973), creating a direct lineage of architectural knowledge that continues to influence eco-conscious builders today. This demonstrates how documented cultural heritage can actively shape future building practices.

pictures of book covers of Shelter and Builders of the Pacific Coast by Lloyd Kahn

The emphasis on craftsmanship and personal connection to building materials speaks to the current moment, where there exists growing resistance to disposable consumer culture. The builders’ dedication to understanding their materials—whether through one designer’s artistic approach to woodworking or another’s organic building methods—offers an alternative to the increasingly automated and standardized construction industry.

Community

Furthermore, the book’s documentation of community-based building practices resonates with contemporary movements toward collective housing solutions and cooperative living arrangements. The stories of builders helping one another, sharing knowledge, and creating spaces that foster community interaction provide valuable models for addressing today’s housing challenges.

Picture of structure built out of sustainable material

In an age when digital technology often disconnects people from physical craft, Builders of the Pacific Coast reminds readers of the profound satisfaction and cultural significance of creating with one’s hands. The book’s relevance extends beyond architecture to touch on broader themes of cultural preservation, environmental responsibility, and community building—all critical issues in the current global dialogue about sustainable future development.

As society faces unprecedented challenges in housing, climate change, and cultural preservation, the wisdom captured in Lloyd’s work becomes increasingly valuable. These builders’ stories remind us that cultural heritage isn’t just about preserving the past—it’s about learning from it to create a more sustainable and connected future.

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Reader Mail - The Stump

Here is another post in the series of Reader Mail that was recently shared with the founder of Shelter Publications, Lloyd Kahn: 

The Stump, built in reverence and resemblance to the beaver’s favorite sculptural form, was made from a timber-frame structure infilled with precast concrete walls. This octagonal labor of love was built on an old granary pad in Water Valley, Alberta, by the Black Griffin family. 

The Black Griffins used red cedar reclaimed from interior British Columbia forest fire areas, poplar (generally considered a “weed tree”), recycled windows, and donated timbers and sawdust from the generous local sawyer. Built in true organic improvisational style, the technical plans that were etched on scraps of wood are now long gone, transformed from ideas into heat from the hearth.

Crafted with the help of supportive friends and family of all ages, and tapping into local waste streams to form the bones of the building, The Stump was an exercise in pushing boundaries, inspiring future generations of young builders, and creating spatial magic.

Thanks again for reaching out. I really appreciate you and the work you do!

Cheers,

Bruen Black

Thank you for sharing your story with us, Bruen, and for being a longtime reader of Shelter books!

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Wonderful Houses Around the World—and in the Classroom

School is back in session, and Shelter Publications has a book that’s popular among elementary teachers and school librarians. Showcasing diverse housing styles around the globe and offering a glimpse into different cultures, Wonderful Houses Around the World, by Yoshio Komatsu with drawings by Akira Nishiyama, was first released in 1997 in Japan. Katy Bridges and Naoko Amemiya translated it into English for its US release by Shelter Publications in 2004. 

The book features clear illustrations of the insides of different homes, where family members are performing everyday tasks. Each illustration includes captions that tell where the house is found, how the surroundings influence its design, what life is like for the family, and how the homes are furnished. This offers a fascinating look at various cultures and promotes understanding and appreciation for lifestyles around the world.

Inside pages of Wonderful Houses Around the World - showing outside and inside house side by side in Romania.

Why This Book is Valuable in Education

Wonderful Houses Around the World is beneficial to the classroom, as it promotes cultural understanding and global awareness, introduces basic architectural concepts, displays side-by-side comparisons of building exteriors and interiors, and encourages critical thinking about living spaces and cultural adaptations. Learning about different cultures is helpful to understanding other people; it increases empathy and curiosity, and it enhances an appreciation for diversity in living conditions.

The book aligns with several educational standards: as social studies curriculum by understanding diverse cultures and societies, in STEM education by introducing engineering and design concepts, and in art education by showing different architectural styles. The photographs and drawings are great for comparing a variety of art forms as well.

Examples of Classroom Use

Inside pages of Wonderful Houses Around the World - showing outside and inside house side by side in Africa.

The book can be integrated into the classroom with a geography lesson, mapping the locations of featured houses. An art project could include the creation of models or drawings of unique houses; a writing exercise could imagine life in different types of homes. Projects and activities could include virtual “world tour” presentations by students, a comparative analysis of housing in different climates, or a design challenge to dream up houses for specific environments.

Testimonial

“Clear, color photo spreads and explanatory paragraphs introduce 10 ‘wonderful houses’ from a variety of cultural backgrounds. A circular tulou in China, a felt yurt in Mongolia, an underground home in Tunisia, and an earthen ‘castle’ in Togo are among the featured domiciles. Each picture has a full-spread color diagram of a structural cutaway with captions that describe architectural details and/or furnishings and indicate the makeup of the family/families in residence. The author’s personal comments enliven the terse text, and his three-sentence introduction mentions his enthusiasm for ‘interesting’ domestic design.”

—Patricia Manning

School Library Journal

Inside pages of Wonderful Houses Around the World - showing outside and inside houses side by side in China.

Integrating Wonderful Houses Around the World into classroom activities gives kids a lot more than just a peek inside homes. Students learn lessons in social studies, STEM, art, and character building. Teachers will enjoy putting together projects and activities based around this book. True to Shelter Publications’ tagline, “Shelter is more than a roof overhead,” this book—with its thoughtfully created text, photos, and illustrations—offers a rich experience that goes beyond traditional learning.

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Reader Mail

We always love getting reader mail, and this beauty of a DIY home build was recently shared with Shelter Publications founder Lloyd Kahn: “…I still have my original Whole Earth Catalogs and recently replaced my Shelter book that I loaned out 40 years ago. You have been a great inspiration Lloyd…Many thanks. I am fully retired and ready to finally build my forever home! Greetings from Ontario, Canada! – Ursula Z.”

image of a small shed built with wood

We wish you the best of luck on your future build, and thank you for being a long-time reader of Shelter books!

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Lloyd Kahn's Small Homes Substack Newsletter:

Tiny Homes Get All the Attention, but Small Homes Are What America Needs in a Housing Crisis 

The climate for building is so different in this country now than it was in the 1960s and ‘70s. It’s hard to believe that there was a time when people of moderate means could build their own homes, but that’s what it was like 50 or 60 years ago. You didn’t need a ton of money to survive during the year it might take to build your house.


Now, everything is ridiculous:

  • Materials costs have skyrocketed.
  • Bureaucrats have pushed fees into the stratosphere.
  • Just plain living is so expensive.


And although I’ve generally been telling people that fixing up an old house in a city or a town is a good way to create a home nowadays, there are still people out there who want to build a house from scratch on a piece of land. And to you, brave souls in this day and age, here’s some advice.


To view the full post, check out Lloyd’s Substack post HERE. He goes on to talk about stud frame construction, rectangular design, how to waste less in/with your new home, and the relationship between the kitchen and the garden. He also provides links to two books: Shelter II and Small Homes.

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Experience the Ultimate Freedom: Rolling Homes of All Shapes and Sizes

Rolling Homes by Lloyd Kahn is filled with a wealth of design options for DIY vehicles, ranging from the simple to the super elaborate. Costs also fall across a wide spectrum. The book is a fantastic resource, inspiring readers with ideas that can be combined to create the perfect custom project. Years after its first publication, Lloyd says this book remains “state of the art.”

photos from Rolling Homes book, on the $300 camper, outside and inside.

One of the cheapest projects in the book is “The $300 Camper Shell” by Noah Gavrich. Noah’s environmental studies teacher gave him a copy of Home Work by Lloyd Kahn, igniting his dream of designing a camper of his own. Noah was familiar with companies that retrofitted expensive vans and wanted to build something original that was also cheaper. He used recycled materials for about half of the project, which kept costs down while he built the light, drag-resistant camper for the back of his 2001 Toyota Tacoma. The camper includes a bed platform and removable shelves that serve as a standing table outside. 

1992 Land Rover Defender camper from Rolling Homes

On the opposite end, there’s a top-of-the-line rebuild project. The “1992 Land Rover Defender” by Oso Steen and Marcus Whitaker is both elegant and functional. The owner, Ray Tien, had commissioned a Land Rover restoration and camper; Oso took the lead on the camper build. The chassis was restored and strengthened in the back, the engine rebuilt, and the suspension upgraded to include locking differentials and a turbo. All of these were installed back in the United Kingdom before the vehicle was exported. The camper started with an Alu Cab Icarus rooftop conversion that expanded the headroom to 7 feet when popped up. The bedding and clothing fit in the top, leaving room below for a lounging area to include a full bed, kitchen, office desk, and storage. The main feature of the build is the stainless-steel box mounted to the chassis for a slide-out kitchen that includes a sink, water tank, propane stove, a hidden cutting board, and storage drawers.

Picture of Tiny Car from Rolling Homes with floor plan of inside.

This last example is one of the most extensive builds in the book. “Living in a Tiny Car” by Bob Stuart is more about mileage than comfort, but all the necessities are found within a 3-cylinder Suzuki Swift. The small car has a bed, sink, fridge, storage drawers, and emergency toilet. Bob uses a shoe organizer behind the driver’s seat and overhead mesh on the ceiling for extra storage. While Bob scrounged up most of the materials, the battery and inverters were the most expensive parts of the build by far. He also has a bread maker and a toaster—luxury materials—onboard.  

Book covers of Home Work, Rolling Homes, and Tiny Homes on the Move

Rolling Homes features 79 homes, 29 of which are full-time residences. The range of options is endless and will surely inspire those curious about building their own homes. This title, as well as others by Lloyd Kahn, such as Home Work and Tiny Homes on the Movecan provide hundreds of ideas for creating your moving home today.

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A Custom Lifestyle "Freedom Pod" Named Spock

Kirk Williams’s journey has been “full of obstacles.” Before creating his custom home, he dedicated 10 years to researching exactly how to put together the right van to make travel more accessible. The details ranged from which chassis to use for international travel to the engine to which light switch would best suit the limited dexterity in his hands and fingers. Kirk’s van, named Spock, helps provide its owner with the freedom to continue to travel with independence that wouldn’t be possible otherwise.

van with mountain in background and dog laying on ground

A Way of Life

Kirk’s concern after he broke his neck was that he could no longer explore nature and see the world, but his van has helped him travel all over the United States (including Alaska), as well as to Mexico, Argentina, and Chile. His van is customized with the right tools to help him eat, sleep, use the bathroom, and drive more independently. He calls Spock his “freedom pod.” Kirk enjoys exploring remote campsites, off the beaten path, where his van can take him. “My life is easy within the van; it’s once I get outside that things get complicated!”

Kirk has also found many ways to help others. He has teamed up with Walkabout Foundation to help raise money to send wheelchairs over to Kenya and Venezuela. Follow him and learn more about his adventures on Instagram at https://www.instagram.com/impact.overland.

Specs for Spock

The foundation is a 2017 Ford Transit medium-roof, 148-inch wheelbase van with a Quigley 4×4 conversion. Kirk chose this because the 3.5-liter twin turbo gas motor (or Ecoboost) is the best for US and international travel, as a diesel motor does not run on low-sulfur diesel. He needed a decent amount of headroom space within the van, but it also had to fit inside a high-roof shipping container to send internationally. The Quigley 4×4 conversion was most necessary, as getting stuck is more than a slight inconvenience. “I can’t just walk down the trail to go find help or dig myself out of the sand.” For more risky endeavors, Kirk tends to bring some companions along for extra security. 

layout of van

The lift that helps get Kirk and his chair into the van is a SuperArm lift. The platformless lift takes up much less space and can be lowered on any terrain. Inside, the van focuses solely on functionality: a sink with open space underneath, drawers to bring items closer, a higher-mounted fridge to allow two-hand grabs for heavier items, and a bed at the exact height for easy self-transfer. A fold-down induction cooktop provides space for the larger driver’s seat; it folds down while Kirk is driving and gets put back up when he parks the van for camping. 

When it comes to driving Spock, there is a right-angle hand-control system. This system includes a lever to the left of the steering wheel that, pushed toward the floor, starts the throttle; it applies the brakes when moved toward the dashboard. The steering wheel has a tri-pin knob that holds Erik’s right wrist since he cannot grip. 

man in wheelchair fishing over water from van.

“Thanks to my home on wheels, I am able to experience more than I’d have ever thought possible.”

Read more on Kirk and Spock in Rolling Homes by Lloyd Kahn.

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Shelter, the Classic

With over 1,000 photographs, Shelter is a classic celebrating the imagination, resourcefulness, and exuberance of human habitat. It includes a history of shelter and the evolution of building types: tents, yurts, timber buildings, barns, small homes, domes, etc.

There is a section on building materials, including heavy timber ­construction and stud framing, as well as stone, straw bale, adobe, ­plaster, and bamboo. The spirit of the ’60s counterculture is evident, and the emphasis is on creating your own shelter (or space) with your own hands. A joyful, ­inspiring book.

To purchase go to www.shelterpub.com/….

By Lloyd Kahn and Bob Easton

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Circle Madness

Old guys at work. 153 years of age total here. Billy and I have worked together off and on for 47 years.

I’ve wanted to build a curved roof for a long time. I finally did it, with help from Billy Cummings. For the 6 rafters, we glued together 4 pieces of redwood bender board — 16′ long, 1″ by 4″, ⅜″ thick, using a jig laid out on the floor, with Titebond wood glue, and clamping every foot or so. It was a pretty tedious process, we could only do one a day.

We got the rafters in place, Billy did the blocking on the plates, and we used 1×8 rough redwood fence boards for the sheathing. Yesterday we put down the flooring — used shiplap pine from Heritage Salvage. It looks (and feels) great.

There’s nothing like a curved roof, especially with a tiny home; it gives you a feeling of spaciousness. This is the roof shape in gypsy wagons — vardos.

This is 10′ by 10′. If I did it over, I would make it rectangular, like 8 by 12 or 8 by 14. I’m going to put a bed inside on wheels, that can be rolled out on the deck to sleep out under the stars. I’m still figuring out where to put windows.

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Boathouse Built by Dean Ellis

This is a graceful little steel-framed boathouse that Dean built on the beach. Posts are 4″-5″ square steel, 8′ on center. The steel purlins are 2½″ steel tubes. The 1″×6″ sheathing is welded to the steel purlins with nails. Photo by @lloyd.kahn

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Lloyd House's Leaf House

…It seemed like a light roof was needed to compensate for the heaviness of the forest. Built the roof first; then the floor, and last the walls. To me roofs have become umbrellas that say anything can happen under them. When the roof is finished, you can stand it — feel the space, be in touch with the house — love it…

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